Abstract
Considers recent discussion in the analytical and critical philosophy of history. The positivists, having rejected the explanatory model deriving from Carl Gustav Hempel (1905-), have tried to determine which models are characteristic of the actual work of historians and to articulate and assess these models. Rolf Grüner (1928-) has argued that, though there are no known unique phenomena, there are unique aspects of phenomena, and these provide the characteristic focus for historical studies.