追迹华夏之初——古史书写中的想象与真实//[Tracing the Origin of China:Imagination and Authenticity in the writing of Ancient History]

The combination of the two contradictory historical approaches initiated by Sima Qian, namely the objective exploration of the historical truths and the subjective construction of historical narratives, has still dominated our interpretation of the earliest history of China since the 20th century. The expanding scope of archaeological excavation of cultural sites in the Neolithic period and the continued sorting out and authentication of ancient documents have kept fueling the academic progress in the field of early Chinese studies. At the same time,however, non-academic factors are also getting in the way. Among them are the political atmospheres and ideologies of different eras, the struggle between different schools for academic space and discourse hegemony, and the local bias for the historical and cultural values of a specific area. The general trend in the past hundred years is that, with the development of science and technology, people's knowledge of ancient history is getting closer and closer to the historical truth, but always fraught with subjective imaginations which have resulted from the influence of various non-academic factors and which have interfered with academic progress
由司马迁所开启的两种治史传统的矛盾结合,即对历史真相的客观探求精神与对历史叙事的主观建构意识,仍然支配着20世纪以来人们对最初中国的解读。对新石器时期文化遗址的考古发掘由点到面不断展开,以及对上古文献的梳理和真伪辨别,推动了早期中国研究领域的学术进步。与此同时,非学术的因素也在发挥作用,其中既有不同时代的政治氛围和意识形态的影响,也有不同学派之间为主导学术空间、建立话语霸权所展开的争夺,还有人们出于地方情结而对特定区域的历史文化所产生的移情效应。近百年来的总趋势是,随着学科演进和技术发达,人们的古史认知越来越接近历史的真实,但在各种非学术因素影响下所产生的主观想象也始终如影随形,对学术进步起到...