The article proposes the definition of a heuristic model designed for the transversal analysis of historical thought. We consider historical thought as a set of cognitive practices and public discourses that give meaning to the relationships of human societies with historical times. The premise is that, in order to understand the complexity of the intellectual processes of signification of the historical worlds, it is necessary to combine in a single analytical field the issues concerning the experience, the representation, the conceptualization and the argumentation of history, as well as those concerning its communication and social uses. To that end, we will conceptualize five dimensions of historical thought (experiential, representational, theoretic-argumentative, conceptual and performative), revising the historiographical theories that have been elaborated about each of them, defining their specificities and their mutual relations and, finally, designing a set of questions in order to analyze them in a common framework.