Examines the principal stages in the development of the bourgeois philosophy of history. At the beginning of the century the philosophy of history was centered on problems of historical knowledge and methodology. Such outstanding thinkers as Wilhelm Dilthey, G. Simmond, Max Weber, and Benedetto Croce are discussed. After World War I, however, attempts were made to transform the philosophy of history from a science on historical knowledge to a science on the structure of historical reality. Existentialism gave this effort a great boost and scholars such as José Ortega y Gasset did research in the spheres of history and culture. The philosophy of history is being transformed into a central branch of philosophy, and the question concerning the structure of historical being has now become one of the main problems of philosophy.